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For 1 in 5 people, bribes are tolerable when they help them find work for their child
Money in exchange for services, concessions, privileges: at least one component of the 5.4% of Italian families have found themselves, at least once in their lives, directly experiencing an attempt to corruption. The survey is that of Istat, and relates to the two-year period 2022-2023. Compared to the previous survey (also carried out by the Institute of Statistics through interviews with citizens), the share of those who know people who have had experience of corruption decreases: from 13.1% from 2015 to8.3% current. In short, i corruption attempts in Italy are decreasing, however a decidedly critical fact emerges from this survey: corruption is more accepted by families if needed find a job for a child. Let’s take a closer look at the numbers of the phenomenon of corruption in Italy.
Corruption, the most exposed sector is that of justice
In the 2015 edition the 2.7% of the families declared that they had received (in the three years preceding the interview) at least one explicit request to shell out money in exchange for a “nudge”, this share in the current survey was limited to1.3%. In the opening graph, the public sectors that Italian families indicate as those where the bribe request occurs most frequently. The first is that of justice: in the justice sector the 4.8% of Italian families has received, at least once in their life, one request for money or gifts from a judge, prosecutor, court clerk, lawyer, witness or others. Going into detail the 2.9% has had similar requests for court-type cases administrative and the1.8% for causes civilians.
Social housing, money in exchange for assignment: 2.7% of families involved
After justice the sector most exposed to corruption it is that of benefits social welfare. In practice theallocation of public housing or disability pensions. The 2.7% of families were explicitly asked to pay a sum to see their name move up in the ranking or to receive the direct assignment of a council house. In third place we find public offices such as the motorizationoffices of the Municipality or the Revenue Agency: the share of families that has experienced corruption attempts in this sector it is of 2%.
The last sector showing percentages higher thanone percent it is that of healthcare: here the families who have received requests for money to obtain preferential treatment are the1.3%. The sectors of the sector close the ranking Work (or.8%); of‘instruction (or.7%) of gas and electricity services (0.4%) and of policethis too with lo 0.4% of families who declared an attempt to extortion of money with the promise of favors.
Money in exchange for services, for 59% of families the episode has not been repeated
Most of the families who received requests for money to obtain benefits received one request only over the course of a lifetime, approximately 59% of the nuclei. The 20.3% received the request twice and the8.6% three or morewhile the 12% he preferred not to answer or stated that he did not remember. In the sector ofinstruction he was born in Work a greater frequency emerged in receiving the request for money several times to obtain preferential treatments.
For 21.1% of Italians, corruption is acceptable if it helps to find a job
In the last survey, questions were introduced aimed at detecting the tolerance to the phenomenon of corruption. These questions were asked only to respondents who did not receive any request for money to obtain benefits. In practice, people not directly exposed to corruption episodes were asked if they believed acceptable than a parent offer or you agree to pay For find a job for a child. Well 8.7 million of citizens they have answered yes: The 20.1% of citizens aged 18-80. However, the tolerance towards vote buying: only the 4.5% of citizens considers it acceptable get gifts or money in exchange for own vote to the elections.
Corruption, the families of Lazio are the most affected by the phenomenon
The requests for money in exchange for favors received over the course of life were reported mostly by families residing at Center with the 6.8%. In last place are Islands with the 3.6%. At a regional level, Lazio is first for corruption episodes with 10.4% of the nuclei affected by the phenomenon. Basilicata follows with 7.1%, then Campania with 6.6% and Emilia Romagna with 6.7%.
The request for bribes is more frequent in the city than in the suburbs
Another dimension to keep in mind is linked to the characteristics of the municipalities. The families living in the centers of metropolitan areas have suffered greater requests for money in exchange for favors, they are the8.3%. Less who lives in the suburbs of metropolitan areas, are in fact the 7.2%. Smaller percentages concern families living in small municipalities and in centers with more than 50 thousand inhabitants.
The data refers to: 2023
Source: Istat
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