To know how much water should we drink every day and why, we must first understand how much we lose due to the physiological functions of our organism and, to do this, it is necessary to know the basics of functioning of our renal system.
Without going too much into the operating mechanisms, it is important to know the main parameters such as Renal Blood Flow, that is, the quantity of blood that reaches our kidneys in a minute (and it is approximately 1-1.2 litres) and the Renal Plasma Flow, the volume of plasma that reaches the kidney, i.e. the only liquid part of the blood which corresponds to approximately 55% of the total blood flow (therefore approximately 600-660 ml per minute, which becomes approximately 1,000 liters per day).
Of the whole volume of plasma that reaches the kidneys, only about 20% is filtered, while the remaining 80% is reabsorbed. Of the filtered part, however, only about 1% is eliminated (via urine, feces, sweat, perspiratio insensibilis i.e. the imperceptible loss of small amounts of water from the skin), while everything else is reabsorbed.
Knowing the data described above, we can do two simple mathematical calculations to find out how much water we should drink every day.
If the Renal Plasma Flow is approximately 1,000 liters per daythe filtered percentage is approximately 20% therefore approximately 200 liters and the eliminated percentage is 1% of 200 liters this means that every day our body eliminates approximately 2 liters of water.
This is why we should drink at least 2 liters of water a day, net of extra sweating due to physical activity or high temperatures or other causes.
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And Science has established that maintaining a Normal hydration status is importantas its opposite, dehydration, is a risk factor for many health conditions and there is a growing body of evidence to support the link between the state of fluid imbalance and the disease.
Maurizio Falasconi is the author of the book “Love your body: Healthy weight loss is easy with the truths of science”based on 52 scientific studies and his almost thirty years of experience as a personal trainer.
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