Coldiretti Puglia highlights the ecological and social importance of the practice
Transhumance, a thousand-year-old practice of seasonal migration of livestock, begins in Puglia, under the aegis of UNESCO protection, with significant benefits for biodiversity and the local economy
Transhumance, an ancient practice of seasonal movement of flocks and herds, began in Puglia, signaling the arrival of the spring season. Coldiretti Puglia has announced that this tradition, recognized as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO, remains alive and vital, especially in the Gargano region. The migration begins in May, when rising temperatures push the animals towards cooler climates and mountain pastures, in a journey that extends for four days with stops in places such as San Paolo Civitate, Santa Croce di Magliano, Ripalimosani and Frosolone.
The itinerary follows historic sheep tracks such as L’Aquila-Foggia, known as the “king’s sheep track”, and other smaller routes, requiring an escort from the traffic police to ensure safety along public roads. Coldiretti Puglia underlines the importance of this practice not only for its cultural roots, but also for its role in safeguarding native breeds at risk of extinction, including the Sardinian sheep, the Sopravissana, the Brogna, the Comisana and the Bergamasca.
In addition to the ecological benefits, transhumance represents a social and economic pillar for regional livestock and animal husbandry, sectors currently facing significant challenges such as low market prices, predation by wildlife and competition from foreign agri-food products. Furthermore, Coldiretti harshly criticizes the synthetic food industry, defending the value of natural food and the Mediterranean Diet, which significantly contributes to the longevity of Italians.
Finally, Coldiretti Puglia expresses concern about the impact of land consumption on traditional transhumance routes, with negative consequences for both the economy and the environment. The closure of traditional farms is seen not only as an economic loss, but also as damage to the social and cultural fabric of rural communities, contributing to depopulation and environmental degradation.
