A recent study conducted at the University of California has opened new perspectives in the fight againstobesitya public health problem that affects millions of people worldwide. The research sheds light on an innovative approach to promote weight loss through the manipulation of adipose tissue.
The process of gaining weight is very simple: the human body has a calorie threshold thatif exceeded, causes it to increase. On the contrary, one goes towards a gradual weight loss, also desirable through some drugs that promise to reduce weight.
The human body is home to three types of fat cells:
- grasso bianco: is the most abundant in the human body and plays a crucial role as an energy reserve. These cells are specialized instore excess energy in the form of triglycerides, which can be mobilized when the body needs energy. Excessive accumulation of this type of fat is associated with obesity and related health problems;
- grasso bruno: It is known for its ability to generate heat through a process called thermogenesis. These cells are rich in mitochondria which give them their characteristic brownish color. Its activation can significantly increase energy expendituremaking it a potential target for obesity therapies;
- grasso beige: shares characteristics of both white and brown fat. Cells are dispersed within white fat deposits and can be “recruited” to take on brown-like properties in response to certain stimuli, such as exposure to cold or exercise.
Coming back to us, the study focused on the reverse process of gaining weight: the conversion of white fat into beige. This phenomenon, known as “browning” or darkening of adipose tissue, is considered a desirable goal in weight management. The key to this transformation lies in the modulation of the protein KLF-15, a crucial regulator of cellular metabolism.
The new research suggests that by selectively inhibiting the production of KLF-15, one could trigger a more efficient process of burning calories. This discovery could represent a turning point in the development of innovative therapies for the treatment of obesity, which in some cases is irreversible. Unlike drugs currently on the market, which often cause unwanted side effects such as nausea and general malaise due to their action on the central nervous system, the new therapeutic approaches could act in a targeted way on fat cells, reducing adverse effects.
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